Codons and Genetic code
The genetic code is the set of rules by which information encoded within
genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translatedinto proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells. Biological decoding is accomplished by the
ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by mRNA, using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms, and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.
genetic material (DNA or mRNA sequences) is translatedinto proteins (amino acid sequences) by living cells. Biological decoding is accomplished by the
ribosome, which links amino acids in an order specified by mRNA, using transfer RNA (tRNA) molecules to carry amino acids and to read the mRNA three nucleotides at a time. The genetic code is highly similar among all organisms, and can be expressed in a simple table with 64 entries.
How do you read a codon chart?
This is a codon chart used to decipher mRNA sequences.
The sequence of bases in an mRNA molecule serves as instructions for the order in which amino acids are joined to produce a polypeptide. Ribosomes decode the instructions by using codons, set of 3 bases that code for one amino acid. Each codon is matched to an anti codon or complementary sequence on the tRNA to determine the order of the amino acids. A codon chart is used to determine the sequence of amino acids in the polypeptide. DNA is changed to mRNA by transcription and and changed to amino acids by using the codon chart to identify them. You match the fist letter with the first base in the chart, the second letter with the second base in the chart and the last letter with the third base in the chart.