What is RNA?
RNA stands for Riboenucleic Acid and it is located in both the nucleus and ribosomes. It performs multiple vital roles in the coding, decoding, regulation, and expression of genes. Together with DNA, RNA comprises the nucleic acids, which, along with proteins, constitute the three major macromolecules essential for all known forms of
life.
life.
What is the structure of RNA?
This is the molecular structure of RNA.
Each nucleotide in RNA contains a ribose sugar, with carbons numbered 1' through 5'. A base is attached to adenine (A), cytosine (C), guanine (G), or uracil (U). Adenine and guanine are purines, cytosine, and uracil are pyrimidines. A phosphate group is attached to the position of one ribose and the position of the next. RNA is transcribed with only four bases (adenine, cytosine, guanine and uracil), but these bases and attached sugars can be modified in numerous ways as the RNA's mature.
What are the types of RNA?
Messenger RNA (mRNA) copies DNA in the nucleus and carries the information to the ribosomes in the cytoplasm.
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) makes up a large part of the ribosome; reads and decodes mRNA.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to the ribosomes where they are joined to form proteins.
Ribosomal RNA (rRNA) makes up a large part of the ribosome; reads and decodes mRNA.
Transfer RNA (tRNA) carries amino acids to the ribosomes where they are joined to form proteins.
How are DNA and RNA related?
RNA is a nucleic acid messenger between DNA and ribosomes. There are three differences between DNA and RNA. One main difference is tat RNA has ribose sugar while DNA has deoxyribose sugar. RNA is single stranded while DNA is double stranded. Also RNA has a nitrogen base called Uracil (U) instead of Thymine that is in DNA. Both are located in the nucleus and both are also made of nucleotides.